Ethics (ACRL 5, SCONUL 6, ANZIL 6, ANCIL 7)

Submitted by Elisa Acosta on May 15th, 2026
Short Description: 

This self-guided, active learning exercise for Zotero was originally created for a 1–1.5 hour standalone online workshop. Zotero is a free, open-source tool that helps users collect, organize, annotate, cite, and share references. It is easy enough for students to learn quickly, yet powerful enough to support dissertations, theses, and capstone projects. Zotero also provides a practical way to engage with the conceptual goals of the ACRL Framework, transforming abstract ideas such as “giving credit” and “joining a scholarly conversation” into concrete research practices.

The lesson plan focuses on importing sources related to “food insecurity” and “college students” into Zotero, correcting citation metadata, creating a quick bibliography, and generating a formatted bibliography in Microsoft Word using Zotero’s Word add-in. Students are provided with step-by-step instructions and supporting resources throughout each stage of the activity.

The exercise includes the following components:

  • Part 1: Practice Importing to Zotero.
  • Part 2: Practice: Correcting the Metadata.
  • Part 3: Creating a Quick Bibliography in Zotero.
  • Part 4: Citing and Creating a Bibliography in Word.

A sample research paper for Part 4 is available in both Microsoft Word and Google Docs formats.

Answer keys are provided in APA style.

A 15-minute instructional video covering Parts 1–3 is currently available. A second video covering Part 4 is in development.

Learning Outcomes: 
  1. Students will import citations from library databases and websites into a Zotero folder.
  2. Students will generate a bibliography in a specific citation style using Zotero.
  3. Students will create in-text citations using Microsoft Word integration feature.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

Option 1 (Original format):
The first standalone online workshop was offered in 2022. An optional drop-in help session for Zotero installation was held at 4:00 p.m., followed by the workshop at 4:30 p.m. Students registered via Zoom and received access to the self-guided active learning exercise in advance. The session was delivered synchronously, with pauses after Parts 2, 3, and 4 for guided student practice. The workshop lasted approximately 1.5 hours.

Option 2 (Asynchronous implementation):

The Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) requested an asynchronous version of the workshop. The self-guided exercise was embedded in a LibGuide and integrated into a Blackboard (LMS) course.

Option 3 (Hybrid delivery):

The workshop was split into two one-hour sessions. The first session was an online presentation, followed by a second, in-person session in the library classroom. Students brought laptops for hands-on practice, and librarians provided installation support and Zotero troubleshooting during the in-person session.

Option 4 (Current version):

The current model is a one-hour standalone online workshop. Librarians demonstrate Zotero with brief pauses for questions rather than in-session practice activities. Students may complete the active learning exercise independently after the session or remain in the Zoom room to begin working. A second librarian provides Zotero installation support and troubleshooting in a breakout room. The optional installation help session now occurs after the workshop rather than before. This structure has improved flow, and students report preferring to see the full demonstration before deciding whether to adopt Zotero.

Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 

Zotero LibGuide https://libguides.lmu.edu/zotero/workshop

Create a Zotero account https://www.zotero.org/

We now demonstrate ZoteroBib https://zbib.org/   (Education students, K-12 teachers, and parents like it)

Assessment or Criteria for Success
Assessment Short Description: 
Students use the answer key for self-assessment by comparing their completed bibliography to the provided example. This process reinforces the importance of accurate metadata correction. Note: Asynchronous participants complete Parts 1–3. Part 4 is optional until a corresponding instructional video is available.
Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

This workshop format is most effective with two librarians, one to lead instruction and one to monitor Zoom chat and respond to questions. After the session, one librarian remains in the main room while the other provides Zotero installation troubleshooting in a breakout room. (Sometimes more liaison librarians attend for additional graduate student support)

While attendees are encouraged to install Zotero prior to the workshop, installation issues are common. Offering technical support after the presentation, rather than before, has proven to be more effective.

All instructional materials currently use APA style. In the future we would like to offer the self-guided active learning exercise in both MLA Style and Chicago Style.

Updates to both Zotero and the library’s discovery tool have required revisions to instructional materials.

Online workshops consistently attract higher attendance than in-person sessions. Participants often include undergraduate students, graduate students, faculty, and staff. Workshops are typically scheduled between 4:00 p.m. and 7:00 p.m., most often on Tuesday, Wednesday, or Thursday evenings.

Suggested Citation: 
Acosta, Elisa. "Citations in the Wild: Wrangling Your Citations with Zotero." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2026. https://projectcora.org/assignment/citations-wild-wrangling-your-citations-zotero.
Submitted by Sarah Hartman-Caverly on December 20th, 2023
Short Description: 

The Hidden Layer Workshop introduces key generative AI (genAI) concepts through a privacy lens. Participants probe the possibilities and limitations of genAI while considering implications for intellectual privacy, intellectual property, data sovereignty, and human agency. In the centerpiece activity, participants engage in a hidden layer simulation to develop a conceptual understanding of the algorithms in the neural networks underlying LLMs and their implications for machine bias and AI hallucination. Drawing on Richards’s theory of intellectual privacy (2015) and the movement for data sovereignty, and introducing an original framework for the ethical evaluation of AI, Hidden Layer prepares participants to be critical users of genAI and synthetic media.

The workshop is designed for a 60-minute session, but can be extended to fill the time available.
Includes workshop guide, presentation slides, learning activities, and assessment instrument.

Attachments: 
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HiddenLayer_LessonPlan_CCBYSA_HartmanCaverly_2023.pdfdisplayed 1819 times117.63 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Facilitator learning objectives

During this workshop, participants will

  • Apply prompt engineering techniques to elicit information from text-to-text generative AI (genAI) platforms

  • Appreciate a range of intellectual privacy implications posed by genAI, including: 

    • personal data;

    • intellectual property (copyright, patent, proprietary and sensitive data); 

    • AI alignment (social bias, content moderation, AI guardrails, censorship, prompt injection); 

    • synthetic media;

    • AI hallucination and mis/dis/malinformation; and

    • data sovereignty and data colonialism.

  • Engage in a simulation to develop a conceptual understanding of how the hidden layer in the neural networks underpinning large language models works

  • Synthesize their knowledge of genAI intellectual privacy considerations to analyze an ethical case study using the Agent-Impact Matrix for Artificial Intelligence (AIM4AI).

Participant learning outcomes

During this workshop, participants will

  • Interact with genAI to explore its possibilities and limitations

  • Discuss the intellectual privacy implications of genAI, including intellectual property considerations

  • Evaluate the ethics of genAI for its impact on human agency

Individual or Group:

Suggested Citation: 
Hartman-Caverly, Sarah. "Hidden Layer: Intellectual Privacy and Generative AI." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2023. https://projectcora.org/assignment/hidden-layer-intellectual-privacy-and-generative-ai.
Submitted by Sarah Hartman-Caverly on August 4th, 2023
Short Description: 

This sex-positive privacy literacy workshop engages participants in exploring how sex tech impacts intimate privacy and intimate relationships. Workshop content is contextualized with the theoretical frameworks of artificial intimacies (Brooks) and consentful tech (The Consentful Tech Project) and the concept of intimate privacy (Citron) and presented through a privacy literacy lens. Participants will identify artificial intimacies in order to assess real-world examples and their impact upon intimate privacy; evaluate the privacy of digital bodies under conditions of data promiscuity using a consentful tech framework; and understand intimate privacy and the impact of technology on intimate relationships and wellbeing.

The workshop is designed for a 60-minute session, but can be extended to fill the time available.
Includes workshop guide, presentation slides, learning activities, inclusive pedagogy tool, and assessment instrument.

Learning Outcomes: 
  1. Identify artificial intimacies in order to assess real-world examples and their impact upon intimate privacy
  2. Evaluate the privacy of digital bodies under conditions of data promiscuity using a consentful tech framework
  3. Understand intimate privacy and the impact of technology on intimate relationships and wellbeing.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 
Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 
Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 
Collaborators: 
Suggested Citation: 
Hartman-Caverly, Sarah. "Private Bits: Privacy, Intimacy, and Consent." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2023. https://projectcora.org/assignment/private-bits-privacy-intimacy-and-consent.
Submitted by Kelleen Maluski on January 20th, 2023
Short Description: 

The sixth in a series of 6 courses, students focus on the Pharmacists’ Patient Care Plan involving prescription medications, patient history, and more complex patient cases. The librarian has already met with these students in other courses so this is and scaffolded approach with this being their last session with the librarian. The purpose of the librarian session is to make sure they feel comfortable doing advanced research on drug information pertaining to specific topics that will be communicated to patients. In a previous session the librarian covered disparities and discrimination in both search engines and scholarly databases so this is to reinforce those lessons. The session starts with a brief Kahoot quiz (with prizes for winners) and discussion of any sticking points that become clear through this quiz. This is to allow students to teach and learn from each other and to assess their needs as opposed to assuming what they might be needing reinforcement on. Then the students break out into groups to create a patient education zine on smoking cessation for members of the LGBTQ2S+ communities. The zine has to have at least 2 background sources, 1 scholarly article, and 1 drug information portal source. All sources have to be cited in correct APA format. There also has to be at least one page where the group communicates to the patients how they found this information (in otherwords their search strategy). At the end of the class there is about 20 minutes set aside for the groups to present on their zines, what information they included, and why. The librarian makes copies of the zines for all members of the class afterwards, thus helping to build intrinsic motivation for sharing with their cohorts. The librarian for this course pre-makes the zine booklets and brings all supplies for making zines (such as markers, glue sticks, scissors, paper, magazines to cut up, etc.)

Learning Outcomes: 

Reinforce concepts reviewed in previous classes while allowing students to teach each other and come away with a learning object they have built.

Discipline: 
Health

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This is the 3rd in a series of scaffolded classes for pharmacy students

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

Will need to provide supplies and that obviously requires a budget. Also need knowledge on how to make zines. 

Suggested Citation: 
Maluski, Kelleen. "Reinforcement of Cultural Humility in Searching and Patient Communications." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2023. https://projectcora.org/assignment/reinforcement-cultural-humility-searching-and-patient-communications.
Submitted by Shelby Hallman on June 9th, 2022
Short Description: 

Algorithms are not neutral but this does not mean they are not useful tools for research. In this workshop on algorithmic bias, student learn how algorithms can perpetuate bias and discrimination and how to critically evaluate their search results.

Learning Outcomes: 

•Students will be introduced to the machine bias inherent in algorithmic decision making, with a focus on information systems.

•Students will discuss the effects of algorithm bias in order to articulate how some individuals or groups of individuals may be misrepresented or systematically marginalized in search engine results.

•Students will develop an attitude of informed skepticism in order to critically evaluate search results. 

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

Stand-alone workshop; co-curricular workshop. 

Assessment or Criteria for Success
Assessment Short Description: 
Formative assessment was conducted via the in-session activities. Summative assessment was conducted via an end of session survey form.
Suggested Citation: 
Hallman, Shelby. "Rise Against the Machines: Understanding Algorithmic Bias." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2022. https://projectcora.org/assignment/rise-against-machines-understanding-algorithmic-bias.
Submitted by Carolyn Schubert on June 14th, 2021
Short Description: 

This scaffolded assignment was developed for senior Dietetic students enrolled in a research methods course. The lessons were collaboratively created via a librarian-faculty partnership.

Attachments: 
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Lesson plan for Lesson 1displayed 987 times30.96 KB
Lesson plan for Lesson 2displayed 809 times32.54 KB
Lesson plan for Lesson 3displayed 845 times31.32 KB
Slides for Lesson 3displayed 1110 times307.11 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

In general, question development using PICO format, database searching, and evidence evaluation. More specific learning goals described in individual lesson plans materials.

Discipline: 
Health

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

Lessons have been implemented in-person and online, both synchronously.

Suggested Citation: 
Schubert, Carolyn. "Critical Reading Strategies for Dietetics Students." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2021. https://projectcora.org/assignment/critical-reading-strategies-dietetics-students.
Submitted by Nicole Murph on April 20th, 2021
Short Description: 

Reading charts and infographics is part of everyday life, yet telling a story with data can be tricky. Luckily, data visualization is a skill that everyone can learn! Data visualization is the practice of translating information into a visual context, helping humans understand complex concepts and making it easier to identify patterns and uncover insights. In this workshop, learn the basics of designing data visualizations, selecting appropriate graph styles, and how to identify misleading data visuals.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Data Visualization Lesson Plan.docxdisplayed 945 times16 KB
Data Visualization Literacy Presentation.pdfdisplayed 3464 times2.93 MB
Data Visualization Workshop_Script.docxdisplayed 830 times29.73 KB
Misleading Visualization_Activity 1_Answer Key.docxdisplayed 989 times284.93 KB
Selecting A Visualization Type_Activity 2_Answer Key.docxdisplayed 1043 times65.49 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Students will understand inherent bias in data visualizations in order to be informed digital citizens.
Students will learn strategies to read and analyze data visualizations in order to meet their information needs.
Students will learn the elements of design in order to create appropriate visualizations.

Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 
Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 
Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 
Suggested Citation: 
Murph, Nicole. "Understanding Data Visualization." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2021. https://projectcora.org/assignment/understanding-data-visualization.
Submitted by Kelleen Maluski on October 21st, 2020
Short Description: 

This video was put together to offer health sciences students a brief introduction to critically thinking about their resources in order to evaluate how appropriate they are for use in their work. It was important that the learners understand the complexities of using specific resources and why it is important to always critically evaluate materials. This includes a discussion of critiques of gatekeeping surrounding peer review, how damaging and discriminatory research can still get published, and how to ask crucial questions to subvert dominant narratives. The video primarily points to our research guide, which is linked below as well, in order to help plant the seeds of this conversation without overwhelming learners in the moment. You will find all materials for creation of the video as well as the closed caption script and the video itself here so that you can adapt it to your needs.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
cc.docxdisplayed 898 times12.67 KB
Learning Outcomes: 
  • Understand how important it is to critically evaluate resources
  • Begin to question the standard and dominant narratives of research and publication practices, such as peer review
  • Know where to get further information and help
Suggested Citation: 
Maluski, Kelleen. "Intro to Evaluating Resources." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2020. https://projectcora.org/assignment/intro-evaluating-resources.
Submitted by Pascal Martinolli on November 8th, 2019
Short Description: 

An open access MOOC in French to bonify the information literacy skills of university students (with Moodle).

Learning Outcomes: 

Students will know how to identify references in a bibliography, how to define their research subjects (synonyms & thesaurus), how to combine their keywords, which service to use (catalog, database, Google,...), how to assess the credibility of their sources, how to cite and respect copyrights, how to produce a bibliography with Zotero, how to adopt good practices for publishing (publishing process, open access, predators), how to set up alerts on topics, and what are bibliometry and literature review.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

Integrated completely or partially into undergraduate and graduate courses. Also used as support to upgrade a specific information literacy skill of a student after a reference interview.

Assessment or Criteria for Success
Assessment Short Description: 
Each module is assessed by a 10 questions test.
Suggested Citation: 
Martinolli, Pascal. "MOOC BoniCI ." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2019. https://projectcora.org/assignment/mooc-bonici.
Submitted by William (Bill) Badke on March 26th, 2019
Short Description: 

A two-credit online undergraduate information literacy course used in an adult degree completion bachelor's program.

Learning Outcomes: 

The student will:

Gain an understanding of the characteristics of information and its dissemination in the information age.
Develop an appreciation for topic analysis and research focused around a question or hypothesis.
Learn to strategize research procedures using a wide variety of tools and information sources, based on an understanding of information systems and their manner of operation.
Acquire a deeper ability to use critical thinking to interact with diverse concepts, evaluate truth claims, synthesize data and make conclusions.
Show an appreciation for the ethical requirements of research and writing within Christian and marketplace contexts.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 
Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 

All resources are linked in the course site.

Assessment or Criteria for Success
Assessment Short Description: 
Graded assignments, rubrics
Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

Online instruction requires a great deal of interaction with students, ready availability, and a 24 hour turnaround time on assignment grading.

Suggested Citation: 
Badke, William (Bill). "UNIV 110 OL - Scholarly Inquiry and Research Methods (online)." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2019. https://projectcora.org/assignment/univ-110-ol-scholarly-inquiry-and-research-methods-online.

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