Information Creation as Process (Frame 2)

Submitted by Kirsten Hansen on November 20th, 2018
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Short Description: 

In this assignment, students are given a range of newspaper article about science topics and work in pairs to find the original research article that the newspaper article is based on in the library databases. Students then assess when they might use an original research article vs when they might use a well-written newspaper article.

After the activity, the librarian gave short lecture about online fact checking based on Mike Caulfield's excellent fast and frugal fact checking strategies. If time allows, students can do some of the activities that Caulfield lists in his textbook.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Powerpoint presentation to accompany the assignmentdisplayed 1344 times93.52 KB
Outline of the assignmentdisplayed 1047 times17.73 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Frames: Authority is constructed and contextual/Information creation as a process
Students will be able to:
• recognize that information may be perceived differently based on the format in which it is packaged
• Assess the fit between a source’s creation process and the particular information need
• Assess the fit between a source’s argument, methodology, and authority and the particular information need
• Use research tools and indicators of authority to determine the credibility of sources, understanding the elements that might temper this credibility

I will know students have achieved the learning outcomes:
Students wil be able to move “backwards” from popular science articles (i.e. NPR, NYT, Scientific American and the like) to the original research articles on which the articles are based. Students will then articulate strengths/weaknesses of the types of articles and when they might use them.

Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

The genesis of this activity was a class about why people do or do not believe scientific conclusions. Mechanically, it can be used to help students practice moving from information “in the wild” as reported by the media to the original research articles. Conceptually, it can be used to help students evaluate how well or poorly scholarly research is reported by the press and to understand that different formats are useful at different times, and that different types of authority (reporter vs researchers) are constructed and contextual.)

This activity could be used in any class where students need to learn how to find the original scholarly articles that give birth to newspaper or other media articles.

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

If you are not very familiar with a subject area, it may be challenging to find appropriate articles for this assignment. In my case, the professor found the articles we used and it worked out well.

Suggested Citation: 
Hansen, Kirsten. "From newspaper article to research article: backtracking to find original research." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/newspaper-article-research-article-backtracking-find-original-research.
Submitted by Pascal Martinolli on July 24th, 2018
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Short Description: 

Comment envoyer une minorité d'étudiants surmotivés sur des objectifs pédagogiques intégrés et connexes dont le parcours est structuré ?
1) Faire une courte introduction engageante (15min.)
2) Identifier la minorité surmotivée et leur distribuer un parcours.
3) Assurer une supervision mininal avec un suivi distant et ponctuel au besoin.
Avec 2 exemples de parcours: une auto-initiation en 5 niveaux pour contribuer à Wikipédia; et un programme de 12 semaines pour démarrer un blogue sur un sujet de recherche.

How to get the few really motivated students involved? By asking them to fulfil « side-quests » learning activities in a structured itinerary :
1) Present a short but engaging initiation [sur quoi?] (15 min.) ;
2) After identifying the motivated students, give them a formal checklist [pour quoi?];
3) If needed, provide minimum mentoring and follow-up
Here are two examples : 5-steps self-initiation on how to contribute to Wikipedia and 12-weeks program to start a blog on research topic.

Learning Outcomes: 

Contributing to Wikipédia and starting a research blog.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 
Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 
Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 
Suggested Citation: 
Martinolli, Pascal. "Missionner les étudiants surmotivés sur des objectifs connexes / Self-driven side-quests with minimum mentoring." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/missionner-les-%C3%A9tudiants-surmotiv%C3%A9s-sur-des-objectifs-connexes-self-driven-side-quests.
Submitted by Pascal Martinolli on July 24th, 2018
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Short Description: 

Synthèse ludique des ateliers d'évaluation des sources. Peut être utilisé comme récompense : un exemplaire plastifié est offert à l'étudiant qui trouve l'erreur volontairement insérée dans la formation (les autres n'ont que la feuille en papier). Autre utilisation : trouver le document le plus faible parmi vos références, ou parmi les références du syllabus de tel cours.

Gamified summary for the evaluation of sources activity. A laminated copy could be used as award for the first student who discovers the mistake deliberately put in the learning activity; the other participants only get a paper copy of the sheet. Another use : in a list of bibliographic references, find the weakest one.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
foutaisometre-french.pdfdisplayed 1762 times278.34 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Summary of the evaluation of sources activity. Wrap-up.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 
Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 
Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 
Suggested Citation: 
Martinolli, Pascal. "Foutaisomètre / Bullshit-o-meter." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/foutaisom%C3%A8tre-bullshit-o-meter.
Submitted by Katrina Stierholz on June 24th, 2018
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Short Description: 

A hybrid teaching module with two elements: an interactive online module for students to complete ahead of class and a face-to-face lesson plan that builds on the skills learned in the online lesson. The in-class session provides students with a critical exploration of the purchasing power of minimum wages across states and/or the earnings gap between men and women employed full time.

The pre-class online course is titled: “FRED Interactive: Information Literacy” available through www.econlowdown.org. In the online course, students review a FRED graph made in the course; define the concepts nominal, real, and inflation; and discuss basic strategies for establishing the reliability of a data source.

The in-person class lesson is titled: ACRL Information Literacy Frames as FRED-Integrated Abilities: The frames Research as Inquiry, Information Creation as a Process, Scholarship as Conversation, and Authority Is Constructed and Contextual are highlighted. The instructor has two possible tasks for students;
-Option A, students work in FRED and use the formula real = (nominal/CPI)*100 to plot inflation-adjusted minimum wage rates for two states and compare the results.
-Option B, students work in FRED to plot and compare nominal and real earnings differentials for men and woman.

The lesson includes a variety of in-class and out-of-class assessment activities and links to resources and a glossary of terms provide additional learning opportunities.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Keeping_It_Real.pdfdisplayed 1104 times281.15 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Students will:

Create
❏ New FRED® graphs

Define
❏ Minimum wage
❏ Nominal and real wages
❏ Consumer price inflation (CPI)

Identify
❏ Metadata in a FRED graph
❏ Additional questions for further research

Describe
❏ The frequency of data collection
❏ The components of a data citation
❏ The difference between data sources and aggregators
❏ The reasons for knowing how data are collected
❏ The difference between nominal and real wages
❏ The issues of authority regarding trustworthiness, reliability, and credibility of data sources

Individual or Group:

Suggested Citation: 
Stierholz, Katrina. "Keeping It Real: Teach ACRL Information Literacy Frames with FRED data ." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/keeping-it-real-teach-acrl-information-literacy-frames-fred-data.
Submitted by Jo Angela Oehrli on June 20th, 2018
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Short Description: 

What is “fake news” anyway? Are we living in a post-truth world? These University of Michigan course materials will provide opportunities to discuss and analyze news production, consumption and evaluation. Students will develop the critical thinking skills necessary to be an informed citizen; understand how their worldview affects their interpretation of the news; and create a personal strategy for fact-checking and evaluating the news. Topics include types of “fake news” such as misinformation and disinformation; economic and technological contexts of the news media; psychological and social factors of media consumption; and the impact of news on our society.

Learning Outcomes: 

After participating in this course, students will be able to:
1. Critically evaluate news sources in order to determine content credibility.
2. Develop and implement a strategy to make an informed opinion about current topics and issues in order to become a better informed citizen
3. Identify types of “fake news” including misinformation, disinformation, biased information, propaganda, and satire in order to determine the credibility of news content
4. Describe the news production process and information landscape in order to recognize the impact of the economic and technological context
5. Analyze the impact of psychological and social factors on media consumption in order to reflect on their own personal media consumption behaviors and practices
6. Discuss the individual and societal impacts of news literacy in order to understand its importance to public policy and democracy.

Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Individual or Group:

Tags:

Suggested Citation: 
Oehrli, Jo Angela. "Fake News, Lies, and Propaganda: How to Sort Fact from Fiction." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/fake-news-lies-and-propaganda-how-sort-fact-fiction.
Submitted by Gail Gradowski on June 14th, 2018
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Short Description: 

This is designed to introduce students to the wonderful world of periodicals, in their great variety, and to how they will appear in different databases. It also begins the work of building their skills at evaluating information sources, determining perspective.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
This is the worksheet, including the answers!displayed 992 times52 KB
This is the optional worksheet described in the lesson plan.displayed 731 times15.12 KB
This is, essentially, a lesson plan and script.displayed 838 times16.82 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

• Identify a periodical source;
• Describe different periodical information sources;
• Identify relevant author credentials;
• Describe relevant author credentials.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This activity is a great one to be done right before students are going to begin searching for articles for their own research projects. I have used it that way many times.

Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 

This exercise works well as a prelude to another I've uploaded here, What Exactly IS the Source You are Quoting From?, which works on teaching students how to contextualize their evidence/sources in their writing.

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

One pitfall is that students very often answer the questions with very obvious and superficial remarks, so it is important to really respond to their answers and make them "go back and try again!" It can be helpful to have "prizes" for coming up with insightful responses!

When selecting the articles to use in this exercise, I always try to make sure the links are to different databases so part of what they learn is that the article can appear very different in different databases. e.g. EBSCO, Gale, Nexis, Proquest!

Suggested Citation: 
Gradowski, Gail. "You Say Periodical. I Say Magazine. And then there are Journals! What Does It Matter as Long as I can Get the PDF?." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/you-say-periodical-i-say-magazine-and-then-there-are-journals-what-does-it-matter-long-i.
Submitted by Gail Gradowski on June 14th, 2018
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Short Description: 

This exercise was designed for 1st year writing students with several different goals in mind: • encourage deeper, closer reading; • introduce the concept that information sources have perspective; • develop vocabulary around describing information and perspective; • acquaint students with the many values/uses of subject encyclopedias; • practice topic narrowing using these types of encyclopedia articles.

Learning Outcomes: 

• Distinguish/discern differences in treatment of the same subject in different texts. • Differentiate/recognize different types of information sources in lists of references. • Assess/compare/contrast author credentials. • Assess/compare/contrast authority, audience and perspective of various subject encyclopedias.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

Students love wikipedia, and this exercise builds on that. They tell me that one of the ways they use wikipedia is to help them narrow their topic. I've often recommended to students that they read some encyclopedia articles to help them focus/narrow/define their research question. This exercise can serve as a way to encourage that use. It could be immediately followed by having them locate subject encyclopedia articles for themselves.

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

When they are in their groups composing their presentation, you will need to encourage them to go into more detail, cite examples from the texts to support their claims. They will initially be making very broad, general statements. Students working on the 4th question will probably need the most assistance.

Suggested Citation: 
Gradowski, Gail. "Pick One, Any One? They're all just encyclopedia articles . . .." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/pick-one-any-one-theyre-all-just-encyclopedia-articles.
Submitted by Gail Gradowski on May 25th, 2018
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Short Description: 

This is a 65-minute workshop designed for 1st year composition students who will be using periodical sources in their research. Students will practice writing contextualizing statements, e.g. describing authors, genres, types of periodicals, for a variety of information sources of the type they will be using in their own research projects.

Learning Outcomes: 

• Identify different types of periodical information sources;
• Describe different periodical information sources;
• Identify relevant author credentials;
• Describe relevant author credentials;
• Compose a valid contextualizing statement describing an information source.

Individual or Group:

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

When deciding on the link to use to the various periodical sources, it is a good idea to provide variety, e.g. EBSCO, Proquest, Sage. The first challenge for students will be to identify the title of the periodical source itself.

Suggested Citation: 
Gradowski, Gail. "What Exactly IS that Source You are Quoting From?." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/what-exactly-source-you-are-quoting.
Submitted by Tessa Withorn on May 25th, 2018
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Short Description: 

This concept map and activity explores how various sources of information are created, accessed, and shared. Students collaboratively define what makes a source traditional, emerging, public, or exclusive. Students are given a type of information source to map on the grid according to each axis, and provide a rationale for their placement.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
The Information Spectrum Lesson Plan.docxdisplayed 1374 times150.74 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Students will be able to: 1) articulate the traditional and emerging processes of information creation and dissemination; 2) articulate the value and constraints of public and exclusive information; 3) assess the fit between an information product’s creation process and a particular information need.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This activity was used in a first-year writing course that did not include in-depth research, but students were encouraged to use a variety of sources, including primary sources. The assignment asked students to analyze a cultural artifact and how it has changed over time, such as the telephone or automobile. At the beginning of the class, the instruction librarian introduced the Information Spectrum concept map and asked students to collaboratively define characteristics of an information source in terms of traditional, emerging, public, and exclusive. With the Information Spectrum projected on a whiteboard, each student was given a slip of paper with a type of information source (e.g. print book, online news article, tweet) and a piece of tape to place on the grid. Students were asked to give a rationale for why they placed their source where they did. Students then worked in groups of 2-3 to evaluate a specific source related to an example topic. At the end of class, each group was given another slip of paper with their example source to map on the grid and provide a rationale.

Assessment or Criteria for Success
Assessment Short Description: 
In an online discussion forum or post-session survey, ask students to describe sources they might use for their assignment or for a given scenario according to the Information Spectrum.
Suggested Citation: 
Withorn, Tessa. "The Information Spectrum." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/information-spectrum.
Submitted by McKenzie Hyde on April 27th, 2018
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Short Description: 

As part of the research process, students need to learn how to organize and synthesize their sources. This short lecture, followed by a matrix outline given to every student, gives students the opportunity to focus their research question even more and to add their own ideas to the conversation of research within their chosen topic.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Synthesis Lesson Outlinedisplayed 1301 times306.53 KB
Synthesis Lesson Plandisplayed 3060 times272.34 KB
Synthesis PowerPoint Presentationdisplayed 1636 times1.41 MB
Synthesis Worksheetdisplayed 1478 times31 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

-Understanding research as a conversation
-Understanding and using synthesis to organize and weave together sources + our own ideas
-Understanding how essays/arguments can be organized by idea, not by source

Individual or Group:

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

Students should already have a focused topic and/or research question chosen before coming to the library for this lesson.

Collaborators: 
Suggested Citation: 
Hyde, McKenzie. "Synthesis." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/synthesis.

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