information types

Submitted by Lauren deLaubell on January 17th, 2025
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Short Description: 

The most powerful wizards have gathered to battle one another.  Only one will win.  Wizards must use reliable sources to research incantations for the battle, or their spells will fizzle.  Truly wise wizards must learn to tell the difference. 

Research Wizards is an information literacy card game designed to teach students ages 12+ about source evaluation.  Research Wizards corresponds to the Frame Authority Is Constructed and Contextual, from the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education.  Players will discuss and challenge the relative value of various sources, each representing a different suit in the game.  The game includes four major actions/phases:  Parley, when players discuss and decide for themselves the relative value of each suit; Battle, which includes competition, player actions, and Challenges; Vengeance, for eliminated players to impact and speed up the remainder of the game; and Victory.

The Research Wizards website contains free game files, player directions, and printing tips for librarians and teachers who wish to use the game in their classrooms.  The website includes an editable, Microsoft Publisher version of the game.  Noncommercial use of the game is free for educational purposes with attribution to the author.  Librarians and teachers are encouraged to adapt the game as needed for their subject areas, student needs, and as the sources in the game evolve over time.  Adaptations must be shared under the same terms.

Players:  3-5 per deck

Play Time:  20-30 minutes, plus discussion

Research Wizards by Lauren deLaubell is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Player directionsdisplayed 1852 times1.02 MB
Printing tipsdisplayed 1674 times26.71 KB
Card deckdisplayed 1874 times2.51 MB
Learning Outcomes: 
    • Wizards will define a variety of traditional and emerging information formats.
    • Wizards will compare a variety of information formats and discuss their relative reliability.
    • Wizards will explore the variation in quality found within specific categories of information (e.g., the wildcard of using resources located by or generated with artificial intelligence).

Individual or Group:

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

It is recommended to review directions out loud with students, with pauses for students to sort their decks and conduct the Parley phase of play.  To contextualize and reinforce learning, it is recommended to conclude the game with discussion questions; sample questions are provided at the bottom of the player directions file but may be adjusted as needed.

Suggested Citation: 
deLaubell, Lauren. "Research Wizards." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2025. https://projectcora.org/assignment/research-wizards.
Submitted by Alexandria Chisholm on March 23rd, 2020
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Short Description: 

The Penn State Berks Privacy Workshop Series focuses on privacy issues for students in the past, present, and future.  The Privacy Workshop spotlights privacy practices and concerns in the current moment; Digital Leadership explores future implications of past and current digital behaviors; Digital Shred provides tools to evaluate and mitigate the damage of past digital behaviors; and Digital Wellness focuses on privacy across the lifespan - bringing together the past, present, & future by finding a balance of technology & wellness, while aligning habits and goals.  Each workshop is grounded in theory – countering approaches that overpromise user control in the face of information asymmetries and the control paradox – and embrace students’ autonomy and agency by avoiding prescribed solutions, and instead encouraging decision-making frameworks.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
PersonalDataIntegrityPlan_DigitalShred_PennStateBerks.pdfdisplayed 1358 times625.92 KB
DamageAssessment_IdealPortfolio_DigitalShred_PennStateBerks.pdfdisplayed 855 times786.93 KB
DigitalShredLessonPlan_Chisholm_HartmanCaverly_Glenn.pdfdisplayed 985 times165.59 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

In the Digital Shred Workshop, students will be able to:

  1. Reflect on and describe their digital privacy priorities in order to articulate the benefits and risks of their digital dossier
  2. Apply a growth mindset to critically examine their current data exhaust // digital footprint and recognize when change is needed
  3. Develop a Personal Data Integrity Plan that makes routine the process of auditing and updating their digital dossier in alignment with their privacy values
  4. Describe “digital shred” and its importance.
Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Information Literacy concepts:

Individual or Group:

Suggested Citation: 
Chisholm, Alexandria. "Digital Shred Workshop." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2020. https://projectcora.org/assignment/digital-shred-workshop.
Submitted by Alexander Justice on June 2nd, 2019
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Short Description: 

In this activity, students learn how to locate and select appropriate primary sources for their assignment using library guides (libguides) and the library databases list. Students then analyze an example primary source to improve their primary sources literacy.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Recognizing Primary Sources in the Library.pdfdisplayed 1552 times24.19 KB
Activity 1 Task Cards Locate Databases.pdfdisplayed 1017 times59.71 KB
List of databases activity 1 should generate.pdfdisplayed 910 times34.6 KB
Activity 2 Questions Handout.pdfdisplayed 919 times19.64 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

After completing the library instruction session, students will be able to:
• Locate, identify, and select relevant online primary source collections (databases)
• Given a facsimile primary source, identify the location of the original, and the format of the facsimile
• Identify metadata provided with the source
• Locate books and articles that will support analysis and research involving the source

Discipline: 
History

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

We created this activity for a course that is flagged for information literacy in our core curriculum. These courses in our History department tend to have annotated bibliography assignments as well as primary source assignments. First year courses introduce annotated bibliographies and how to produce them, so the information literacy flag here has to address more advanced literacy, in this case primary source literacy.

Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 
Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 
Suggested Citation: 
Justice, Alexander. "Recognizing Primary Sources in the Library." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2019. https://projectcora.org/assignment/recognizing-primary-sources-library.
Submitted by Alexandria Chisholm on December 6th, 2018
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Short Description: 

This workshop delivers an action-oriented introduction to personal data privacy designed for new college students. The session is designed to reveal the systems in place to collect and analyze online behavioral data, and to unveil the real-world consequences of online profiling in contexts like sentiment shaping, consumer preferences, employment, healthcare, personal finance, and law enforcement. In lieu of a prescriptive approach, students analyze case studies to observe how online behaviors impact real-world opportunities and reflect on the benefits and risks of technology use to develop purposeful online behaviors and habits that align with their individual values. Developing knowledge practices regarding privacy and the commodification of personal information and embodying the core library values of privacy and intellectual freedom, the workshop promotes a proactive rather than reactive approach and presents a spectrum of privacy preferences across a range of contexts in order to respect students’ autonomy and agency in personal technology use.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
PersonalDataPlan_PennStateBerks.pdfdisplayed 1331 times622.24 KB
PrivacyWorkshopLessonPlan_Chisholm_Hartman-Caverly.pdfdisplayed 932 times189.3 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Students will be able to: 1. recognize how their personal data and metadata are collected, along with the potential implications of such data collection 2. assess how their data is shared and make informed, intentional choices to safeguard their privacy 3. identify privacy issues facing our society 4. describe the positive case for privacy as a human right fundamental to individual well-being

Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Information Literacy concepts:

Individual or Group:

Collaborators: 
Suggested Citation: 
Chisholm, Alexandria. "Privacy Workshop." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/privacy-workshop.
Submitted by Sarah Ralston on November 15th, 2017
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Short Description: 

This activity/assignment was designed for a first year composition course in collaboration with an English/Writing instructor. It could be used in an information literacy credit course, First Year Experience course, or in another discipline-specific context. The purpose of the lesson is to lay the foundation for students to be able to read scholarly work more effectively and critically.
Students are given instruction on reading a scholarly article and directed to look for key pieces of information such as research question or hypothesis, methods, participants or data sources, key findings, and limitations of the study. The instructor then shows an infographic (prepared in advance) showing those key pieces of information in a concise, visual format. Students are introduced to an online infographic maker such as easel.ly or piktochart, and directed to create their own infographic on the article as practice.
The graded assignment is for students to create an infographic on a scholarly article of their choosing, relevant to a larger research assignment in the composition (or other) course (e.g. an annotated bibliography).

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Lesson plan, background prep, and assignment instructionsdisplayed 2105 times18.43 KB
"Parts of a Scholarly Article" Handout and Sample Infographicdisplayed 3049 times703.54 KB
Handout&Sample.pptxdisplayed 2081 times703.54 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

1. Students will be able to identify the components of a scholarly journal article in order to become familiar with common structures of research articles.
2. Students will be able to locate the key pieces of information (hypothesis or research question, methodology, participants or data sources, findings, and limitations) in a scholarly journal article in order to read for understanding.
3. Students will be able to present the key pieces of information from a scholarly article in a visual format using infographic or other online creation tools.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This assignment was created for a first year composition course in collaboration with the instructor. She wanted to use infographics as a method for teaching multimodal writing, and I wanted a strategy for showing how to read scholarly articles. This activity was conducted on my second visit to class, so students already had instruction on source types and characteristics of scholarly articles. We'd also had a discussion about the concept Scholarship as a Conversation. I spent the class time following the lesson plan as written, and the following class day the students had time in the computer lab with their instructor to create their own infographics. The final essay for the class is an argumentative essay, requiring 5 sources, 2 of which must be scholarly. An infographic summarizing one of the scholarly articles is required as an attachment to the essay.

Suggested Citation: 
Ralston, Sarah. "Scholarly Articles: Reading for Understanding." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2017. https://projectcora.org/assignment/scholarly-articles-reading-understanding.
Submitted by William (Bill) Badke on August 25th, 2016
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Short Description: 

A two-credit online graduate information literacy course.

Learning Outcomes: 

The student will: A. show an understanding of the complex current world of information resources; B. demonstrate the ability to formulate a strategy for research; C. show skill in identifying a research problem, acquiring a variety of informational resources to address that problem, evaluating those resources, and putting them to effective use; D. demonstrate an appreciation for planned research from topic to completed project.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This is a required graduate level course for Associated Canadian Theological Schools of Trinity Western University. The course was implemented in 1987 and the online version has been operating without interruption since late 1999.

Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 

Textbook: William Badke, Research Strategies: Finding your Way through the Information Fog (iUniverse.com). Other activities located in the assignments on the course website.

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

Online information literacy instruction requires intense involvement with students: Ready availability by e-mail, maximum 24 hour turnaround for queries and assignment grading, and extensive comments on student assignments following a formative rather than summative assessment pattern.

Suggested Citation: 
Badke, William (Bill). "RES 502 - Research Strategies." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2016. https://projectcora.org/assignment/res-502-research-strategies.
Submitted by Deborah Novak on July 12th, 2016
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Short Description: 

This assignment was created for an introductory nutrition course for health related science majors and nonmajors to meet the Information Literacy Flag criteria for the core standards at Loyola Marymount University. The assignment focuses on the evaluation of a primary and secondary source on a specific topic to assess the similarities and differences between the sources of information. The primary goal of the assignment is for a pair of students to select a current popular press article that references a recent scientific journal article. The students then procure a copy of the scientific journal article. Using a formatted questionnaire, the students evaluate characteristics and information from the popular press article and then characteristics and information from the journal article, then compare and contrast the two information sources.

Learning Outcomes: 

Locate, evaluate and effectively utilize information obtained from a variety of information sources. Find and use scholarly and discipline-specific professional information and understand how it differs from popular information. Evaluate resources for reliability, validity, accuracy, authority, and bias.

Discipline: 
BiologyHealth

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This assignment is incorporated into an introductory nutrition course for health-related science majors and nonmajors. Most nutrition courses include a discussion on scientific research methods and sources of reliable nutrition information. This project has been integrated into the course as the follow-up assignment to the Scientific Method and Reliable Sources of Nutrition Information Unit. The assignment is designed to be completed by students partnered together in groups of two (three when there is an odd number of students in the class).

Assessment or Criteria for Success
(e.g. rubric, guidelines, exemplary sample paper, etc.): 
AttachmentSize
The Partner Evaluation Form: allows each student to evaluate their project partner's contributions to the assignment.displayed 741 times15.92 KB
Sample Popular Press Articledisplayed 647 times16.93 KB
Sample Scientific Journal Articles referenced in popular press articledisplayed 956 times189.18 KB
Sample completed ILP Questionnaire (exemplary sample)displayed 2556 times253.47 KB
Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

This assignment does not work well if the popular press article is a "list" i.e. top 5 sources of fiber, or the journal article is a opinion or summary piece. The journal article should be a standard analytical, descriptive or experimental study. Instructor needs to carefully review the popular press article and scientific article to make sure the students have selected proper articles. About 10-15% of the class need 2-3 tries before identifying an appropriate set of articles. The due date for Part 2 is usually determined after all of the groups have successfully identified their sources. The project can be done individually but it can be time consuming to grade which is why it has become a partner project. The partner evaluation rubric provides accountability for level of participation of each partner.

Suggested Citation: 
Novak, Deborah. "Information Literacy Project." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2016. https://projectcora.org/assignment/information-literacy-project.
Submitted by Elizabeth Galoozis on March 2nd, 2016
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Short Description: 

This annotated bibliography assignment has five different versions for five different groups of disciplines: arts, humanities, social analysis (social sciences), life and physical sciences, and quantitative reasoning. Each is meant to give students a way to identify and explore the key types of scholarly sources in those disciplinary categories; for example, to understand what is meant by a primary source in each category. The titles of these disciplinary categories are specific to the General Education Seminar categories at my institution, as are the titles of the research guides suggested in the assignment. It could be used as a precursor to a research paper or as a standalone assignment.

Learning Outcomes: 

Identify the contributions that different types of information sources (e.g., experimental research, creative works, primary sources, theory) make to disciplinary knowledge.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This assignment is part of a suite of resource,s including tutorials and library instruction, for the General Education seminar, a course for first-year students meant to introduce them to modes of disciplinary inquiry.

Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 

The other resources for this course may be found at http://libguides.usc.edu/ge.

Suggested Citation: 
Galoozis, Elizabeth. "Annotated Bibliography / Introduction to Disciplines." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2016. https://projectcora.org/assignment/annotated-bibliography-introduction-disciplines.
Submitted by Lane Wilkinson on January 6th, 2016
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Short Description: 

This activity proceeds via Socratic questioning. The goal is to have students explain the common stumbling blocks they encounter as they look for information and as they write papers (if they have). The role of the librarian is to facilitate the discussion by providing a contextual framework for student experiences. By showing students that their research process follows a common pattern, they can make better choices about how, when, and where to look for information (e.g., not jumping straight to peer-reviewed articles when they can barely define their topic)

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
1-11 Information Needs, Types, Qualities.docxdisplayed 4159 times53.49 KB
AttachmentSize
Optional worksheet displayed 4704 times250.83 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Students will be able to articulate the type of information they need to complete a given task. Students will be able to identify the appropriate uses for various information formats. Students will be able to explain the criteria by which we identify the credibility of an information source. Students will be able to identify which attributes of a given information source should be included in an annotated bibliography.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This is a frequent activity I developed for our second-semester composition program. The common assignment is an annotated bibliography of 8-12 sources. Analyzing student bibliographies showed that they were having a tough time understanding how format can affect the usefulness of an information source, within context. The most frequent problem involved students jumping straight to peer-reviewed scholarship when they could barely articulate their research question. Likewise, students often do not approach research strategically and with an eye towards collecting a range of sources that will help address many common research needs. Since this activity is coupled to an annotated bibliography, a secondary pay-off is in helping students write their annotations. Once able to articulate the information need a source satisfies, they can better conceptualize how to incorporate the information into their paper.

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

This is a Socratic activity, so the librarian has to take the traditional "sage on the stage" approach and has to be comfortable keeping the conversation on track, no matter where it might go. The attached instructions are only a loose framework to help guide discussion.

Suggested Citation: 
Wilkinson, Lane. "Information Needs, Types, and Qualities." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2016. https://projectcora.org/assignment/information-needs-types-and-qualities.
Submitted by Raymond Pun on January 5th, 2016
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Short Description: 

A general worksheet for students to find key sources in selected databases for their assignments in Communication Studies.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Comm3.docxdisplayed 2278 times5.51 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

1. Understand different database features 2. Finding specific kind of resources: scholarly, secondary, trade publications 3. Become comfortable translating selected resources into APA citations

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

The assignment is delivered as a handout to supplement student's speech/research projects

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

Some programs will not use APA but will MLA or Chicago, different styles. Adapt when needed.

Suggested Citation: 
Pun, Raymond. "Basic First Year Communication Studies Assignment." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2016. https://projectcora.org/assignment/basic-first-year-communication-studies-assignment.

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