evaluation

Submitted by Lauren deLaubell on January 17th, 2025
Short Description: 

The most powerful wizards have gathered to battle one another.  Only one will win.  Wizards must use reliable sources to research incantations for the battle, or their spells will fizzle.  Truly wise wizards must learn to tell the difference. 

Research Wizards is an information literacy card game designed to teach students ages 12+ about source evaluation.  Research Wizards corresponds to the Frame Authority Is Constructed and Contextual, from the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education.  Players will discuss and challenge the relative value of various sources, each representing a different suit in the game.  The game includes four major actions/phases:  Parley, when players discuss and decide for themselves the relative value of each suit; Battle, which includes competition, player actions, and Challenges; Vengeance, for eliminated players to impact and speed up the remainder of the game; and Victory.

The Research Wizards website contains free game files, player directions, and printing tips for librarians and teachers who wish to use the game in their classrooms.  The website includes an editable, Microsoft Publisher version of the game.  Noncommercial use of the game is free for educational purposes with attribution to the author.  Librarians and teachers are encouraged to adapt the game as needed for their subject areas, student needs, and as the sources in the game evolve over time.  Adaptations must be shared under the same terms.

Players:  3-5 per deck

Play Time:  20-30 minutes, plus discussion

This work was primarily human-created. Adobe Firefly AI was used to generate icons. AI was prompted for its contributions, then reviewed, edited, and approved by the author.

Research Wizards by Lauren deLaubell is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0  To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Player directionsdisplayed 1870 times1.02 MB
Printing tipsdisplayed 1687 times26.71 KB
Card deckdisplayed 1906 times2.51 MB
Learning Outcomes: 
    • Wizards will define a variety of traditional and emerging information formats.
    • Wizards will compare a variety of information formats and discuss their relative reliability.
    • Wizards will explore the variation in quality found within specific categories of information (e.g., the wildcard of using resources located by or generated with artificial intelligence).

Individual or Group:

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

It is recommended to review directions out loud with students, with pauses for students to sort their decks and conduct the Parley phase of play.  To contextualize and reinforce learning, it is recommended to conclude the game with discussion questions; sample questions are provided at the bottom of the player directions file but may be adjusted as needed.

Suggested Citation: 
deLaubell, Lauren. "Research Wizards." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2025. https://projectcora.org/assignment/research-wizards.
Submitted by Gina Trask on March 24th, 2022
Short Description: 

This lesson actively engages learners in the process of evaluating an information source using the SIFT technique, designed by Mike Caufield. The approach uses lateral reading techniques and the lesson encourages learners to apply and reflect on the technique as it pertains to a specific information need.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Activitydisplayed 1787 times27.11 KB
Example scenarios of information needs for the activitydisplayed 1937 times84.89 KB
Lesson plandisplayed 2707 times101.13 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Learners will be able to evaluate a website or online source to determine if it is appropriate to use for a specific information need.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This lesson has been taught for multiple audiences: first-year and senior college students for a specific course assignment, as a drop-in virtual workshop with college students of all levels, and as a continuing education workshop with public school educators. The lesson has also be adapted as an asynchronous module in a learning management system.

Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 

Caulfield, M. (2019, June 19). SIFT (The Four Moves). Hapgood. https://hapgood.us/2019/06/19/sift-the-four-moves/

Caulfield, M. (2017). Web Literacy for Student Fact-Checkers. https://webliteracy.pressbooks.com/

Lesson materials adapted from: Citizen Literacy by Robert Detmering, Amber Willenborg, and Terri Holtze for University of Louisville Libraries is licensed under CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.

 

Assessment or Criteria for Success
(e.g. rubric, guidelines, exemplary sample paper, etc.): 
AttachmentSize
Rubric for Activitydisplayed 1438 times81.95 KB
Assessment Short Description: 
The activity for this lesson serves as the assessment. The rubric can be used to assess the competency of the learners in regards to the SIFT technique. It may be appropriate for some learners to be at the "beginner" or "developing" stage and for others to aim for "exemplary" stage.
Suggested Citation: 
Trask, Gina. "Source Evaluation via SIFT Technique." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2022. https://projectcora.org/assignment/source-evaluation-sift-technique.
Submitted by Yvonne Mery on October 6th, 2020
Short Description: 

Developed in order to move students away from an outdated checklist approach to evaluating online content, we developed this tutorial to teach students how to read laterally and think critically. This tutorial consists of several small chunks of microlearning activities including an assignment. Students can complete as much or as little as they feel they need.

Learning Outcomes: 
  • Students will explain why online information needs to be evaluated for trustworthiness
  • Students will describe the strategy of lateral reading that fact checkers employ to verify trustworthiness
  • Students will describe the criteria of process, expertise, and aim
  • Students will apply the skill of lateral reading related to societal and political issues 
  • Students will evaluate different online articles for trustworthiness using the three criteria of process, expertise, and aim

 

 

 

 

 

Information Literacy concepts:

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This tutorial and optional assignment can serve as a stand alone tutorial or can be used in the flipped classroom. 

Suggested Citation: 
Mery, Yvonne . "How Do I Evaluate Online Information by Reading Laterally?." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2020. https://projectcora.org/assignment/how-do-i-evaluate-online-information-reading-laterally.
Submitted by Duke University Libraries RIS Team on December 4th, 2019
Short Description: 

This lesson on journal prestige could be taught by itself, as part of a series on scholarly communication, or as a small part of a larger lesson on information prestige.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Citations for Info Privilege Lessons Mediadisplayed 1016 times10.84 KB
Lesson Plandisplayed 1183 times377.57 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Students will recognize the practices of scholarly publishers

Students will evaluate whether citation count is a good indicator of authority

Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Individual or Group:

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

This topic could fit well into instruction sessions that include significant treatment of source evaluation and is one potential approach as you move beyond simple categorization of sources as scholarly/non-scholarly or primary/secondary. It stops short of a critical examination of construction of authority but could be used to hint at greater subtlety and complexity. This topic has particular relevance for upper level undergraduates engaged in research, who may be starting to think about publication from an author’s perspective.

Suggested Citation: 
RIS Team, Duke University Libraries. "Journal Prestige." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2019. https://projectcora.org/assignment/journal-prestige.
Submitted by Duke University Libraries RIS Team on November 26th, 2019
Short Description: 

This is an activity to get students to think critically about the sources and information presented in a Wikipedia article. Students are asked to look up an article on their own topic, or a topic related to the course, and examine the content and the “Talk” page to see what issues the article has related to Wikipedia’s 3 guiding principles for content: point of view (objectivity/bias), verifiability (quality of sources cited), and evidence of original researchNOTE: This activity works best for topics (people, events) that are current public debates and/or controversial.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Directions for Instructordisplayed 1056 times13.54 KB
Evaluating a Controversial Topic Activitydisplayed 1119 times1.01 MB
Learning Outcomes: 

Students will define Wikipedia’s guiding content principles

Students will evaluate a topic by investigating Wikipedia talk pages related to it

Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 
Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 
Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 
Suggested Citation: 
RIS Team, Duke University Libraries. "Researching a Controversy." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2019. https://projectcora.org/assignment/researching-controversy.
Submitted by Duke University Libraries RIS Team on November 20th, 2019
Short Description: 

This lesson on the nature and cost of scholarly publishing could be taught by
itself, or as part of a series on scholarly communication, or as a small part of a larger lesson on
information privilege.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Lesson Plandisplayed 975 times269.69 KB
Citations for Info Privilege Lessons Mediadisplayed 1063 times10.84 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

Students will recognize the practices of scholarly publishers

Students will understand the cost of accessing scholarly research

Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Individual or Group:

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

Introducing this topic could be as simple as indicating the impressive number of scholarly articles published each year or size of library collections budgets or be part of a lengthier lesson on how academic publishing works. It could be included in searching or source evaluation exercises and may set the stage for understanding the fundamentals of scholarly communication.

Suggested Citation: 
RIS Team, Duke University Libraries. "Scale of Scholarly Publishing." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2019. https://projectcora.org/assignment/scale-scholarly-publishing.
Submitted by Lindsay Davis on July 12th, 2019
Short Description: 

A "jigsaw lite" activity to help students recognize that the information tools and systems they use in their everyday and academic lives are not neutral as existing power structures are reflected in the creation, organization, and access of information. Students work in small groups to read an assigned article about bias in a tool, source type, or system and answer questions to share with the larger class.

Learning Outcomes: 

Students will be able to recognize that search tools and systems reflect power structures of race, gender, sexuality, class, etc.

Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This lesson and activity was designed for an upper-division Critical Race and Ethnic Studies (CRES) course, CRES 101 Race and the Media. While students didn’t need to include outside research for their media analysis assignment, due to the theme of the class, the graduate assistant and I felt that adding this layer of complexity would further contribute to students’ understanding of bias in knowledge creation, which is a unit covered in the course. After introducing the lesson using Polkinghorne's visualization and sharing the PBS NewsHour video, I divided students into six groups of five students. Each group read their assigned article, discussed and answered the discussion questions, and then reported what they learned to the class. While I link the articles on the online class guide, I also bring enough printed copies of the articles. For printing, I have found that it is easier to copy-paste the text of the articles into Microsoft Word / Google Docs. Although I included a handout with the discussion questions here in Project CORA, in class, I actually display the questions on the online class guide and have students write their answers on a large sticky note, which I provide, along with markers.

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

You may need to ask probing questions when students report their findings to the class. It can be helpful to remind students that not everyone has read the same article, so they need to provide enough information for classmates to understand the gist of the article. Though the general discussion questions allow for quick facilitation, which is helpful when swapping out articles for newer ones, you may want to develop more specific questions for each article. More targeted questions can help students focus on the most relevant parts of the reading. The articles will age quickly, so it's important to be on the lookout for short articles related to these issues. I have found that articles that fit on two pages in Microsoft Word / Google Docs work best for students to be able to read in class. True jigsaws can be challenging for a variety of instruction types, which is why I opted for in-person class reading in which students stayed in their groups and reported out their answers and thoughts to their classmates. This also helps combat anxiety students may feel about reading in a timed setting as they have others in their group who can help answer questions if they don't quite finish the article. There are many ways this lesson and activity can be adapted; it could work very well in a flipped setting, for example.

Suggested Citation: 
Davis, Lindsay. "Bias in Your Search Results." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2019. https://projectcora.org/assignment/bias-your-search-results.
Submitted by Jen Hasse on July 9th, 2018
Short Description: 

A one-shot or seminar class on fake news tied to source evaluation. Examination of the factors at play in the creation of misinformation; insight into how to select sources; tools and strategies for evalutating content of stories, authors, and news outlets.

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
evaluating information - fake news & craap + stereotypes + epic.pptxdisplayed 1888 times2.87 MB
Learning Outcomes: 

● Students will discuss and reflect on their own encounters/experiences with “fake news” and erroneous information ● Students will investigate and consider different theories or explanations for why people fall prey to “fake news” ● Students will identify motivations for the creation of misleading or inaccurate information ● Students will be introduced to tools for identifying and counteracting fake news and develop their own strategies for weeding out problematic sources and selecting credible sources

Discipline: 
Multidisciplinary

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This course is typically taught as part of a one-credit information literacy first year seminar. Class is 50 minutes once per week.

Suggested Citation: 
Hasse, Jen . "Fake News: Fight Back ." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2018. https://projectcora.org/assignment/fake-news-fight-back.
Submitted by Sarah Ralston on November 15th, 2017
Short Description: 

This activity/assignment was designed for a first year composition course in collaboration with an English/Writing instructor. It could be used in an information literacy credit course, First Year Experience course, or in another discipline-specific context. The purpose of the lesson is to lay the foundation for students to be able to read scholarly work more effectively and critically. Students are given instruction on reading a scholarly article and directed to look for key pieces of information such as research question or hypothesis, methods, participants or data sources, key findings, and limitations of the study. The instructor then shows an infographic (prepared in advance) showing those key pieces of information in a concise, visual format. Students are introduced to an online infographic maker such as easel.ly or piktochart, and directed to create their own infographic on the article as practice. The graded assignment is for students to create an infographic on a scholarly article of their choosing, relevant to a larger research assignment in the composition (or other) course (e.g. an annotated bibliography).

Attachments: 
AttachmentSize
Lesson plan, background prep, and assignment instructionsdisplayed 2119 times18.43 KB
"Parts of a Scholarly Article" Handout and Sample Infographicdisplayed 3073 times703.54 KB
Handout&Sample.pptxdisplayed 2095 times703.54 KB
Learning Outcomes: 

1. Students will be able to identify the components of a scholarly journal article in order to become familiar with common structures of research articles. 2. Students will be able to locate the key pieces of information (hypothesis or research question, methodology, participants or data sources, findings, and limitations) in a scholarly journal article in order to read for understanding. 3. Students will be able to present the key pieces of information from a scholarly article in a visual format using infographic or other online creation tools.

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

This assignment was created for a first year composition course in collaboration with the instructor. She wanted to use infographics as a method for teaching multimodal writing, and I wanted a strategy for showing how to read scholarly articles. This activity was conducted on my second visit to class, so students already had instruction on source types and characteristics of scholarly articles. We'd also had a discussion about the concept Scholarship as a Conversation. I spent the class time following the lesson plan as written, and the following class day the students had time in the computer lab with their instructor to create their own infographics. The final essay for the class is an argumentative essay, requiring 5 sources, 2 of which must be scholarly. An infographic summarizing one of the scholarly articles is required as an attachment to the essay.

Suggested Citation: 
Ralston, Sarah. "Scholarly Articles: Reading for Understanding." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2017. https://projectcora.org/assignment/scholarly-articles-reading-understanding.
Submitted by Andrea Brooks on June 20th, 2017
Short Description: 

This resource and accompanying assignment focuses on evaluating news sources/claims and were used in an online information literacy class.

Learning Outcomes: 

Students will be able to critically evaluate information sources using a number of factors, including the creator’s authority and perspective, the intended audience, the accuracy of the content, the context of the information need, and one's own perspective in interpreting the information

Individual or Group:

Course Context (e.g. how it was implemented or integrated): 

Setting: Online, 8-week information literacy course. This three-credit course is typically taught as a 16-week semester offering, but was altered for a summer 2017 session. Context: As part of a larger module on evaluating information, students are presented with multiple resources/readings related to news sources, perspective of news sources, fake news/misinformation, and tips for evaluating claims. This particular assignment had students view a Prezi presentation titled Fact Checking Pro and then complete a LibWizard that presented multiple claims related to coffee/caffeine consumption. For each claim, students ranked the quality of the headline’s claim on a sclae of 1 (poor) to 5 (excellent), and provided an explanation for their choice. Students also had to describe the steps they took to fact check the claim.

Additional Instructor Resources (e.g. in-class activities, worksheets, scaffolding applications, supplemental modules, further readings, etc.): 

See provided links

Potential Pitfalls and Teaching Tips: 

It may be beneficial to provide more prompts in the LibWizard to gauge student fact-checking efforts. Some students were very detailed; others were not. Additionally, it would be interesting and maybe more interactive for the students if they could somehow see how their peers had rated the source. I’m not sure how to do this in the LibWizard, but there may be some other way to make this happen. In a face-to-face setting, this would be easier to accomplish

Suggested Citation: 
Brooks, Andrea. "Fact Checking Pro." CORA (Community of Online Research Assignments), 2017. https://projectcora.org/assignment/fact-checking-pro-0.

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